A recent question from my Ask an Expert link requested clarification about home loan funding fees. Again, a very good question for home buyers.
Funding fees are used primarily with government loans - FHA, VA, and Rural Development. Technically only VA and Rural Development have funding fees. FHA also has an upfront fee, but that fee is called Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium. For practical purposes, no difference except that FHA also has an annual MI premium that is paid in monthly installments with the regular mortgage payments.
Each of these fees or premiums are used to fund the specific government program and enable the respective targeted home buyers to obtain high loan to value home financing.
FHA Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium
FHA insures lenders for 100% of the mortgage balance in the event of borrower default. The insurance premiums - upfront and annual - fund the reserve accounts that are used for this 100% lender guarantee. With the recent mortgage problems HUD's reserve accounts fell below Congressionally mandated levels. Recent and pending changes to the FHA mortgage insurance premiums are designed to restore appropriate levels to these reserve accounts.
Currently the FHA Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium is 2.25% of the base loan amount for purchases and for refinances. This fee is typically financed with the loan, but it can be paid with borrower or seller funds. The premium must either be paid in full by the seller or buyer or financed with the loan. No partial payments are allowed.
With FHA upfront mortgage insurance, borrowers can be entitled to prorated refunds if the loan is paid early. With the current refund schedule the loan must be paid within three years in order for any portion of the upfront premium to be refunded.
VA Funding Fee
VA has a funding fee that is also typically financed with the loan. This fee is used to defray the costs of the VA Home Loan program. It is not specifically tied to default losses. Periodically, Congress can review the program costs and determine whether a change in the funding fee is necessary.
The fee percentage is determined by
- the veteran's type of qualifying service - regular or reserve
- if the VA loan is a first time or second use of the VA home loan guaranty
- if the veteran is paying a down payment.
For a regular military service, first time use, no down payment purchase the funding fee is 2.15%. Again this fee is typically added to the loan amount.
The VA funding fee may be waived for disabled veterans.
The VA home loan guaranty is not specifically tied to the VA Funding Fee. The amount of the loan that VA guarantees to the lender is based on the veteran's eligibility and the loan amount, but generally the guaranty is between 40% and 25% of the loan amount.
Rural Development Funding Fee
The Rural Development Home Loan Guarantee program is designed to encourage single family housing in rural areas
It is a no down payment program for qualified buyers. The funding fee for Rural Development is also generally added to the base loan amount.
As with VA mortgages, the Rural Development funding fee is used to defray costs of the guaranteed housing program, and is not directly tied to mortgage defaults.
The Rural Development fee is currently 2%.
Rural Development guarantees lenders, in the event of borrower default, full reimbursement for the first $35,000 of loss. Any additional amount of loss is reimbursed to 85% of the loss amount.
FHA, VA, Rural Development Effectively Target Respective Audiences
With VA and Rural Development home loans there is no monthly mortgage insurance, only the initial funding fee. For many that makes these two programs more attractive, but in truth each of the three programs - FHA, VA, and Rural Development - target different home buyers and have developed very effective programs for each of their targeted buyers.
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Richard Smith NMLS 184479
Cell: 423-280-0345 Toll Free: 888-474-9920 Office: 423-899-6898
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American Acceptance Mortgage, Inc NMLS 132505, TN/GA Licensee
Email: rsmith@aamonline.com
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FHA, VA, Rural Development, Conventional, Jumbo,
Reverse Mortgages, FHA 203k Renovation
Home financing in Tennessee and Georgia.
www.RichardSmithHomeLoans.com